Пятнадцатый

The declaration of independence of Kazakhstan on December 16, 1991, marked a significant milestone in the country's history. Prior to independence, Kazakhstan had been a constituent republic of the Soviet Union for over 70 years, and the move towards independence reflected a growing desire for greater political and economic autonomy. The sociopolitical situation in Kazakhstan on the eve of gaining independence was characterized by growing calls for democratic reforms, greater respect for human rights, and greater national autonomy.

The first national elections of the President of Kazakhstan in December 1991 reflected a significant shift towards greater democracy and popular participation in the country's political system. The adoption of the Constitutional Law "On State Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan" in the same year laid the groundwork for the country's new political and economic system, defining the state strategy for the development of independent Kazakhstan and strengthening the process of democratization of society.

The formation of the state structure of the Republic of Kazakhstan, including the creation of the foundations of the constitutional order of society, reflected a growing commitment to the rule of law and democratic principles. The approval of the symbols of the Republic of Kazakhstan - flag, coat of arms, anthem - reflected a growing sense of national identity and pride.

The introduction of a national currency and the determination of the state borders of the Republic of Kazakhstan were significant steps towards establishing the country's sovereignty and independence. The results of delimitation and demarcation of the state border of Kazakhstan reflected the country's commitment to national security and territorial integrity, while the creation of a national army reflected a growing sense of self-reliance and military capability.

The national referendum and adoption of the current Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan marked a significant step towards the development of parliamentarism in Kazakhstan, with greater respect for the rights and freedoms of citizens. The modernization of the public administration system within the executive vertical, including decentralization and delimitation of powers between the center and regions, reflected a growing commitment to democratic principles and the rule of law.

The education of law enforcement agencies, including the court, prosecutor's office, police, and special security services, reflected a growing commitment to legal reform and humanization of laws. The law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Combating Corruption" and its results reflected a growing recognition of the importance of transparency and accountability in government and business.

Overall, the period following Kazakhstan's independence in 1991 marked a significant period of political, economic, and social transformation. The country's commitment to democratic principles, human rights, and the rule of law has contributed to its ongoing development and progress, while ongoing challenges remain, including the need to address corruption, promote economic growth and development, and ensure greater social equality and inclusion.