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Aridization processes in the region refer to the long-term climatic changes that have led to the desertification of many areas in Kazakhstan. These processes have influenced human settlement patterns and resource availability throughout the region's history.
The area of distribution and the problem of the cultures origin of the Bronze Age in Kazakhstan are complex topics that continue to be studied by archaeologists and historians. The Bronze Age in the region is associated with the Andronovo culture, which spread across a large area of Eurasia, and the Srubna culture, which was centered in the region of the Black Sea.
The anthropological type of ancient inhabitants of Kazakhstan has been the subject of study for many years. Genetic research has shown that the region was home to a diverse mix of people, including Indo-European, Turkic, Mongol, and other groups.
The art of the Bronze Age in Kazakhstan is best known for its petroglyphs, or rock carvings, which were created by ancient people using stone tools. These petroglyphs depict a wide range of subjects, including animals, hunting scenes, and religious and mythological imagery.
The rock paintings of the Eshki-Olmes complex and Tamgaly are particularly noteworthy examples of Bronze Age art in Kazakhstan. These paintings depict a variety of subjects, including animals, hunting scenes, and ritual and religious imagery. They provide important insights into the beliefs and practices of ancient societies in the region.
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